自然通风作为一种节能措施在民用建筑中已经得到了广泛利用,对于在地铁工程中的应用前景和效果值得进一步深入研究。本文以重庆地铁1号线沙坪坝站为原型,通过搭建地铁车站自然通风模型试验台,模拟运行公共区内多个典型工况条件,对不同工况下的自然通风规模进行了测试,测试结果显示：热压是地铁车站自然通风的主要动力之一,且出入口之间的高差对其影响作用有限；自然通风的路径主要由出入口通道+站厅层+出入口通道组成,流经站台层的规模较小；适度增加出入口数量,可以增加自然通风量,有效促进自然通风效能。根据测试结果提出了相应的设计和运行建议,为非空调季节充分利用自然风节能提出了可行性依据。

As an energy-saving measure, natural ventilation has been widely used in civil buildings, and its application prospect and effect in subway engineering are worthy of further study. Taking Shapingba Station of Chongqing Metro Line 1 as the prototype, the natural ventilation scale of the subway station under different working conditions is tested by building a natural ventilation model test platform of the subway station and simulating several typical working conditions in the public area. The test results show that hot pressing is one of the main driving forces of natural ventilation of the subway station, and the height difference between the subway exits has limited influence on it. The natural ventilation path is mainly composed of the subway exit, the station hall layer, and the subway exit, and the scale of natural ventilation flowing through the platform layer is small. Appropriately increasing the number of exits can increase natural ventilation and effectively promote natural ventilation efficiency. According to the test results, the corresponding design and operation suggestions are put forward, and the feasibility basis for making full use of natural wind energy saving in non-air conditioning seasons is put forward.

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《公共交通枢纽建筑节能关键技术于示范》（2018YFC0705000）