地铁发生突发事故后，通常采用公交接驳疏散滞留乘客。针对已有基于网络拓扑效率构建地铁网络韧性指标无法反映网络运营实际的不足，对网络拓扑效率指标进行改进，考虑了地铁站点发生事故后公交接驳对乘客出行的影响，提出了衡量网络性能的网络效率可达性指标。基于网络效率可达性指标构建了韧性评估模型，对比分析了不同修复策略与网络性能之间的关系，提出了以韧性最大化为目标的最优修复策略。以上海市地铁网络为例，研究了公交接驳对网络性能的影响以及多站点失效场景下最优修复策略。研究结果表明，突发故障下启动公交接驳可以降低网络性能损失，提高地铁网络韧性；当每个失效站点的修复时间长短不同时，基于韧性评估得到的修复序列下网络性能的累积损失要低于基于脆弱性评估得的修复序列下网络性能的累积损失；公交接驳场景下优先修复客流量大、站点周边线路稀疏、失效后造成影响大且修复时间短的站点，有助于较快降低网络性能损失。

Bus connection is usually used to evacuate stranded passengers in case of metro disruptions. In view of the shortcomings of the existing metro network resilience indicator based on network topology efficiency, the network topology efficiency index is improved. This paper considers the impact of bus connection on passenger travel after metro station accidents, and puts forward the network efficiency accessibility index to measure the network performance. Based on the network efficiency accessibility index, a resilience evaluation model is constructed. The relationship between different repair strategies and network performance is discussed, and an optimal repair strategy aiming at maximizing resilience is proposed. Taking Shanghai metro network as an example, this paper studies the impact of bus connection on network performance and the optimal repair strategy under multi-stations failure scenario. The results show that bus connection under sudden failure can reduce the loss of network performance and improve the resilience of metro network. When the repair time of each failure station is different, the cumulative loss of network performance under the repair sequence based on resilience evaluation is lower than that under the repair sequence based on vulnerability evaluation. In the bus connection scenario, priority should be given to repairing stations with large passenger flow, sparse lines around the station, great impact after failure and short repair time, which will help to reduce the loss of network performance.

国家自然科学基金面上项目(71971029)