[关键词]
[摘要]
参考国际上较为通行的统计标准,将城市轨道交通分为地铁、轻轨和有轨电车三大类,对世界城轨交通运营现状进行统计。分析表明:截至2021年底,全球有76个国家和地区的541座城市开通了城市轨道交通系统,总里程超过36854.20 km,其中地铁、轻轨、有轨电车各占51.4%、8.9%和39.7%。截至2021年12月31日,中国内地累计有50个城市开通运营轨道交通,运营里程达9192.62 km。2020年,受到新冠肺炎疫情影响,城市轨道交通客流量大幅下降,全球46个国家的137个城市地铁累计运送乘客396.67亿人次,平均负荷强度0.54万人次/(d.km),其中中国(含港澳台)地铁年客流量为195.02亿人次。我国城市轨道交通持续稳步发展,线网规模和客流规模继续居全球第一。对城轨全自动运行线路进行统计,全球达到GoA4运行等级的线路运营里程达2380余公里,我国的运营里程达587.57 km。探索一套适合中国国情的全自动运营模式,将进一步促进我国轨道交通多制式发展,为交通强国的建设提供有力的支撑。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
The article summarizes the statistics for 2021 on operation of urban rail transit systems in the world, which are classified into metro, light rail and tram systems in line with the widely accepted international standards. The statistics show that 541 cities in 76 countries or regions worldwide have hosted urban transit systems by the end of 2021, with the total length reaching 36, 854.20 kilometers, among which, the metro system accounts for 51.4%, the light rail 8.9% and the tram 39.7%. Urban rail transit systems have been built and put into operation in 50 Chinese cities and the total length in operation has reached 9192.62 kilometers by the end of 2021. The ridership of metro declines significantly affected by COVID-19 in 2020, which totals 39.67 billion trips in 137 cities of 46 countries and regions worldwide with an average of 5, 400 trips per day, including 19.502 billion passengers in China. It is found that China ranks the first in the world in terms of the size and ridership of its urban rail transit system networks. Statistics on fully automatic operation show that there are more than 2,380 kilometers of lines with GoA4 operating level, of which 587.57 kilometers in China. Exploring a set of fully automatic operation modes suitable for China"s national conditions will further promote the development of multi-regime rail transport and provide powerful support for building China"s strength in transportation.
[中图分类号]
[基金项目]
中央高校基本科研业务费重大项目