我国的人口老龄化趋势日益凸显,受到高度关注。实施积极应对人口老龄化国家战略,满足老年人多层次、多样化需求成为国家的中心工作之一。移动性是老年人生活质量和主观幸福感的重要决定因素,而地铁是老年人重要的交通方式和移动性保障。本文基于对270名老年人对香港地铁(MTR)出行满意度的问卷调查数据,建立随机森林模型关联整体满意度与属性满意度,并构建“重要性-满意度”指数识别地铁适老化改进优先级。研究发现：老年人对地铁服务基本满意；老年人重点关注的地铁服务属性是候车环境、优先座位和行车稳定性；老年人对地铁发车频率和准时性的关注度较低；改进优先级最高的地铁服务属性是优先座位、车厢温度和站点可达性。据此,针对性提出地铁适老化改进策略和措施。

The population in China is aging at a rapid rate, which has attracted great considerable attention from, inter alia, policymakers and scholars. Implementing the national strategy “actively coping with population aging” and meeting the multilevel and diversified needs of older adults are now important tasks of governments in China. Moreover, mobility is the crucial determinant of the quality of life and subjective well-being of older people, and the metro is their oft-used travel mode. This study conducts a questionnaire survey data to collect the metro travel satisfaction data of 270 older Hong Kongers, applies a random forest model to estimate the importance of each service quality attribute to the overall service quality, and adopts an “importance-satisfaction” index to identify the improvement priority toward an age-friendly metro system. We find that older adults are generally satisfied with the metro service. They attach great importance to waiting conditions, priority seats, and travel stability but pay little attention to service frequency and reliability. Notably, priority seats, internal temperature, and accessibility to stations are the top three attributes in need of enhancement. Accordingly, practical implications for age-friendly metro improvement are put forward.

四川省社会科学重点研究基地——老龄事业与产业发展研究中心年度课题(XJLL2021006)；国家自然科学基金联合基金重点项目(U20A20330)