针对地铁线路产生的钢轨异常波磨问题，调研了某地铁线路的钢轨波磨情况以及基本特征，对轨道刚度、钢轨廓形、轨距以及轨道动力特征进行测试，提出钢轨异常波磨的治理思路，并对波磨治理效果进行跟踪测试，提出既有线以及新建地铁线路钢轨波磨的治理以及预防方案。研究表明：地铁钢轨波磨较为严重，波长在25~100mm之间；轨道垂横向刚度整体较弱，钢轨位移大，保持轨距能力差，轮轨关系恶化，在特定频段范围内轮轨振动加剧，从而引起钢轨波磨的产生和发展。通过更换扣件及垫板、轨道精测精调、钢轨打磨措施可以使车内噪声降低5~10dB，轨面不平顺显著降低，打磨周期延长至一倍以上；既有线路可通过“细调查、调参数、精维修、动态检查”治理钢轨波磨，新建地铁线路应在规划、设计、运营维护、动态验收阶段严格把关，合理采用减振轨道，避免钢轨异常波磨的产生和发展。

Aiming at the problem of abnormal rail corrugation caused by subway lines, this paper investigates the rail corrugation situation and basic characteristics of a subway line, tests the track stiffness, rail profile, gauge and track dynamic characteristics, puts forward the treatment ideas of abnormal rail corrugation, tracks and tests the treatment effect of rail corrugation, and puts forward the treatment and prevention schemes of rail corrugation in existing and newly-built subway lines. The results show that the wave grinding of subway rail is serious, and the wavelength is between 25 and 100 mm; The vertical and lateral stiffness of the track is weak, the rail displacement is large, the ability to keep the gauge is poor, the wheel-rail relationship deteriorates, and the wheel-rail vibration intensifies in a specific frequency range, which leads to the emergence and development of rail wave grinding. By replacing fasteners and pads, fine measurement and adjustment of track, and rail grinding measures, the noise inside the car can be reduced by 5~10dB, the rail roughness can be significantly reduced, and the grinding period can be more than doubled. The existing lines can be treated by "detailed investigation, parameter adjustment, fine maintenance and dynamic inspection". The newly-built subway lines should be strictly controlled in the stages of planning, design, operation and maintenance and dynamic acceptance, and the vibration-damping track should be reasonably adopted to avoid the occurrence and development of abnormal rail wave grinding.

U231.4

北京市科技计划课题;中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目