为了研究地铁车站PM2.5,10以及TSP颗粒物产生源，分布规律。本文针对某市2条地铁线路共11座车站进行了颗粒物浓度检测，测试区域包括室外，车站公共区，设备管理用房区和站台端门内走廊。测试各区域（PM2.5,PM10,TSP）颗粒物浓度并对站外和站台颗粒物进行采样。对颗粒物进行元素分析，并进一步分别对各区域（PM2.5,PM10,TSP）颗粒物在室外不同浓度水平情况下分布情况进行分析。颗粒物成分分析结果表明站内颗粒物成分组成中的铁元素较站外大幅增加，地铁站内含铁颗粒物多呈现片状不规则状，与站外不同。说明颗粒物产生原因为轮轨摩擦。通过对各区域浓度检测进行分析可知在室外颗粒物浓度水平较低时，各粒径颗粒物分布情况相近，整体呈现隧道内颗粒物浓度大于站内大于室外。当室外颗粒物浓度水平较高时PM2.5和PM10整体呈现隧道内颗粒物浓度大于室外大于站内，而无论室外颗粒物浓度高或低公共区和车厢TSP浓度均呈现高于室外的情况。此外基于检测结果给出了地铁颗粒物防治方案的相关建议。

To investigate the sources and distribution patterns of PM2.5, PM10, and TSP particles in subway stations, this paper conducted a particulate matter concentration detection in 11 stations along two subway lines in a certain city. The testing areas encompassed outdoors, public areas of stations, equipment management rooms, and corridors inside the platform end doors. Particulate matter concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and TSP were measured in each area, and samples of particles were collected from both outside the station and on the platform. Elemental analysis of the particulate matter was conducted, and further analysis was performed to investigate the distribution of PM2.5, PM10, and TSP particles in different outdoor concentration levels in each area. The results of the particulate matter composition analysis revealed a significant increase in iron content in the particles within the subway stations compared to those outside. The iron-containing particles inside the subway stations often exhibited flaky and irregular shapes, differing from those outside. This indicates that the primary source of particulate matter is friction between wheels and rails. Analysis of the concentration measurements in various areas revealed that when outdoor particulate matter concentrations are low, the distribution patterns of particles of different sizes are similar, with the overall trend being higher concentrations inside the tunnels than inside the stations and outdoors. However, when outdoor particulate matter concentrations are high, PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations generally exhibit higher levels inside the tunnels than outdoors and inside the stations. Regardless of outdoor particulate matter concentration levels, TSP concentrations in public areas and train carriages are consistently higher than outdoors. Furthermore, based on the detection results, relevant suggestions for the prevention and control of particulate matter in subway stations are provided.

U231

国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0705000)