[关键词]
[摘要]
参考国际上较为通行的统计标准,将城市轨道交通分为地铁、轻轨和有轨电车三大类,对世界城轨交通运营现状进行统计。分析表明:截至2023年底,全球有79个国家和地区的563座城市开通了城市轨道交通系统,总里程超过43400.40 km,其中地铁、轻轨、有轨电车各占50.07%、10.69%和39.24%。截至2023年12月31日,中国(含港澳台)累计有66个城市开通运营轨道交通,运营里程达11900.29 km,其中中国内地运营里程11232.65 km。2022年,全球59个国家的183个城市地铁累计运送乘客586.52亿人次,平均负荷强度0.81万(人次/日公里),其中中国(含港澳台)地铁年客流量为212.51亿人次。我国城市轨道交通持续稳步发展,线网规模和客流规模继续居全球第一。通过分析国务院52号文件发布后的数据,预测低运能城市轨道交通系统将在中国内地有较好的发展前景,特别是中西部地区,以促进城市绿色、可持续发展。同时,根据疫情前后全球主要国家(地区)和城市的数据,预计中国内地客流量将在2024~2025年恢复至疫情前水平。
[Key word]
[Abstract]
With reference to the more common statistical standards in the international arena, urban rail transit is divided into three major categories, namely metro, light rail and tram, and the current status of the world"s urban rail transit operation is statistically analyzed. The analysis shows that by the end of 2023, 563 cities in 79 countries and regions around the world have opened urban rail transit systems, with a total mileage of more than 43,400.40 km, of which subways, light rails, and streetcars each account for 50.07%, 10.69%, and 39.24%. As of December 31, 2023, 66 cities in China (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) have opened and operated rail transit, with an operating mileage of 11,900.29 km, of which the operating mileage in Mainland China is 11,232.65 km. In 2022, the metros of 183 cities in 59 countries around the world transported a total of 58,652 million passengers, with an average load intensity of 0.81 million (passengers/day). kilometers), of which China (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) metro annual passenger traffic is 21.251 billion. China"s urban rail transit continues to develop steadily, and the scale of line network and passenger flow continues to rank first in the world. By analyzing the data after the release of Document 52 of the State Council, we forecast that low-capacity urban rail transit systems, such as streetcars, will flourish in mainland China, especially in the central and western regions, in order to promote green and sustainable urban development. Meanwhile, based on data from major countries (regions) and cities around the world before and after the epidemic, it is expected that passenger traffic in mainland China will return to pre-epidemic levels by 2024-2025.
[中图分类号]
U231
[基金项目]
前沿中心基本科研业务费项目 (2022JBQY006)