随着中国轨道交通的高速发展，轨道交通建设面临着大量的资金需求，且随着各城市开通线路的增加，运营维护资金需求也将不断增大，轨道交通企业如何实现可持续发展成为一个紧迫问题。日本的轨道交通经历150年发展，基本形成了自负盈亏的经营模式，以东京都市圈为例，对其三层次轨道交通企业经营现状及发展路径进行分析，发现大力发展关联业务是日本轨道交通可持续发展的关键。通过对其关联业务的经营业态及盈利状况进行分析，明确我国轨道交通可以通过“综合开发、零售服务、多元发展”三阶段发展关联业务，并结合日本经营模式，实践可持续发展的经营方式。

With the rapid development of domestic rail transit, the demand for construction financial support will be very large. The number of operating railway lines is increasing, and consequently, the demand for operation and maintenance funds will continue to increase. Determining how to facilitate the sustainable development of rail transit is an immediate problem. After 150 years of development, Japanese railway companies were able to achieve profitability. Taking the Tokyo metropolitan area as an example, this study analyzes the operation status and development path of three-level rail transit enterprises and finds that developing related businesses is the key to the sustainable development of Japanese rail transit. Through an analysis of the business form and profit status of the businesses of Japanese railway companies, this study finds that Chinese rail transit can develop related business through the three stages of ‘real estate, retail and service, diversified business’, and combine this strategy with the Japanese business model of sustainable development.

U231

国家重点研发计划(2017YFB1201104)