利用轨道交通客运线路富裕能力提供货运服务的理论与实践研究方兴未艾，大体可分为客货混运和客货混跑两种模式。目前理论研究多聚焦在客货混跑方案的优化上，实践则以服务于小批量货物的客货混运案例居多。本文基于日本北越快线、高铁极速达、桃园机场捷运以及德国包裹城际项目实证案例归纳了客货混运和客货混跑两种运输组织方式特点。客货混运组织方案主要用于满足零散化的货运需求，利用车厢空间时应有必要固定设施以保障安全；建议采用“运装分离”方案以提升装卸效率、减少对客运作业的干扰。客货混跑案例中采用与客运列车速度接近的较高速度的货运专列，并在夜间进行运输以保障时效性。

The theoretical and practical research on using the extra capacity of rail transit passenger lines to provide freight services is in the ascendant, which can be divided into two modes: adding dedicated freight trains into passenger trains timetable and using the residual space on passenger trains to fix freight transportation. At present, the theoretical research mostly focuses on the optimization of mixed passenger and freight transportation scheme and timetable, and the practices mostly concern how to fix small freight demand using the residual space on passenger trains. Based on the empirical cases of Japan's North Vietnam express line, high-speed rail express, Taoyuan airport MRT and German parcel intercity (PIC), this paper summarizes the characteristics of two transportation organization modes. The organizational scheme of using the residual space on passenger trains to fix freight transportation is mainly used to meet the scattered freight demand. When using the carriage space, necessary fixed facilities shall be provided to ensure safety. Separation of transportation and loading can improve the loading and unloading efficiency and reduce the interference to passenger transport operations. In the case of adding dedicated freight trains into passenger trains timetable, the speed of the freight trains should be close to the adopted passenger train speed, and the transport process organized at night can ensure timeliness.

U231.1

国家自然科学基金青年基金