随着大量富水地区地下工程的建设,地下工程对地下水渗流条件的改变导致的环境问题不断凸显。本文根据一维渗流理论对未建地铁车站时的地下水渗流情况进行了分析,并结合镜像原理及叠加原理,分析了地铁车站对地下水渗流的影响机制,得到了受地铁车站阻隔作用的地下水壅高值及地下水流量的解析式。运用本文得到的理论公式,分析了济南某地铁车站因受车站阻隔作用引起的地下水位壅高值、地下水流量等,并提出了考虑地下水壅高的抗浮设防水位建议值。根据本文分析,车站处因受到阻隔作用而产生的地下水壅高值与含水层影响半径、水力坡度等有关。实际工作中,当遇到具有一定的水力坡度的强透水含水层时,地铁车站建成后可能产生的地下水壅高应当引起工程人员的重视。

With the construction of a large number of underground projects in water rich areas, the environmental problems of the changes of groundwater seepage conditions caused by underground engineering are becoming increasingly prominent. In this paper, the groundwater seepage when the subway station has not been built has been analyzed based on the one-dimensional seepage theory. Combined with the mirror image principle and superposition principle, meanwhile, the influence mechanism of the subway station on the groundwater seepage has been analyzed also, and the analytical formula of backwater height and groundwater flow due to the barrier effect of subway station was obtained. By the theoretical formula obtained in this paper, the backwater height and groundwater flow of of a subway station in Jinan nvcaused by the blocking effect of the station was analyzed, and the recommended value of anti floating water level considering the backwater was put forward. According to the analysis in this paper, the backwater height caused by the blocking effect of station structure is related to the influence radius of aquifer and hydraulic gradient. In practice, the possible backwater height after the completion of the subway station should be paid more attention to by the engineering personnel when encountering a strong permeable aquifer with a certain hydraulic gradient.

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山东省交通运输科技计划(2021B06)；泉城产业领军人才支持计划（济政字〔2020〕90号）；山东省地矿局山东省地下水环境保护与修复工程技术研究中心(筹)开放(801KY202003)