在“双碳”背景下，随着地铁站数量和能耗的持续增长，其节能运行已成为广泛关注的问题。为明确地铁站环控系统各项运行措施的节能潜力，助力制定有针对性的节能运行方案，本研究对我国各气候区的屏蔽门地铁站环控系统全年能耗进行了大规模模拟，系统而定量分析了常见的运行管理参数优化后的节能潜力，包括取消小新风空调的机械新风、加强屏蔽门气密性、提高站内空调温度、提高冷机COP和提高空调箱能效比。研究结果表明，对于寒冷、夏热冬冷和夏热冬暖地区的屏蔽门地铁站，环控系统节能潜力最大的优化措施是提高站内空调控制温度，各站平均节能潜力在17~21%之间；其次是取消机械新风供应、提高冷机COP和提高空调箱能效比，相应节能潜力在12%~20%之间，各措施的节能潜力大小和排序在不同气候区之间存在差异；节能潜力最小的措施是增强屏蔽门气密性，各站平均节能潜力在1%~4%之间。综合优化上述运行管理参数，寒冷地区、夏热冬冷地区和夏热冬暖地区的典型屏蔽门地铁站环控系统的年节能量分别为22万kWh/年、37万kWh/年和61万kWh/年，节能百分比分别为41%、48% 和52%。

With the rapid urbanization and the proposal of carbon neutralization goal, the energy conservation of subway stations has become the focus in China. In order to clarify the energy-saving potentials of various operation measures for subway stations, this study conducted large-scale simulations on annual energy consumption of ventilation and air-conditioning (VAC) system for platform screen door (PSD) subway stations in different climates. Based on this, the energy-saving potentials of optimizing operational-related parameters to the leading value were analyzed systematically and quantitatively, including cancelling mechanical fresh air supply, enhancing PSD airtightness, increasing air-conditioning temperature, increasing COP of the chiller and increasing EER of terminal equipment. Results show that for subway stations in the studied climate regions, operation measure with the greatest energy-saving potential is increasing air-conditioning temperature, with the energy-saving potential ranging from 17% to 21%; energy-saving potentials of cancelling mechanical fresh air supply, increasing COP of the chiller and increasing EER of terminal equipment range from 12% to 20%, with differences for stations in different climate regions; the measures with the lowest energy-saving potential is enhancing PSD airtightness, with the energy-saving potential ranging from 1% to 4%. Besides, by optimizing all of the above operational-related parameters to the leading value, the energy savings of the VAC system for PSD subway stations in cold region, hot-summer cold winter region and hot-summer warm-winter region areas can reach 220 MWh/year, 370MWh/year and 610MWh/year, respectively, with 41%, 48% and 52% of the energy-saving potentials, respectively.

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