为探明80km/h B型地铁列车隧道内运行空气动力学效应，采用实车试验方法，在南宁某隧道直径为5.4m的全地下线路开展空气动力学测试，分析了列车隧道内运行时车内外气压波动情况以及车内耳压舒适度情况。研究结果表明：列车以80km/h速度通过隧道内中间风井位置时，车内外压力波动剧烈，车外与车内测点峰峰值最大值分别为1452Pa与923.4Pa；列车在车内外压力波动剧烈时，车外各测点压力差异大，车内各测点压力差异小，车外各测点峰峰值的均方差值为车内各测点峰峰值的均方差值的9.6倍；列车在非风井区间运行时耳压舒适度良好，而在风井区间运行时有造成乘客耳压不舒适的风险。研究结果可为80km/h速度等级地铁列车耳压舒适度的评估和改善提供参考。

In order to investigate the aerodynamic effect of the 80km/h B-type subway train running in the tunnel, the aerodynamic test was conducted in a fully underground line with a tunnel diameter of 5.4m in Nanning using the real vehicle test method, and the fluctuation of air pressure inside and outside the train and the comfort of ear pressure inside the train during the tunnel operation were analyzed. The research results show that: when the train passes through the middle air shaft position in the tunnel at 80km/h, the pressure fluctuation inside and outside the train is drastic, and the maximum values of peak to peak values outside and inside the train are 1452Pa and 923.4Pa respectively; when the train has drastic pressure fluctuation inside and outside the train, the pressure difference between each measurement point outside the train is large, and the pressure difference between each measurement point inside the train is small, the mean square difference of the peak to peak values outside the train is 9.6 times of the mean square difference of the peak-to-peak values inside the train; the ear pressure comfort is good when the train is running in the non-wind shaft area, but there is a risk of passengers' ear pressure discomfort when it is running in the wind shaft area. The results of the study can provide reference for the evaluation and improvement of the ear pressure comfort of 80 km/h speed class metro train.

U270.2????

湖南省科技创新计划资助项目（2021RC2107）