基于车车无线通信的列车虚拟编组技术能够根据轨道交通客流的时空变化灵活精准地匹配运力，改善运输服务质量，提升运力使用效能。首先介绍虚拟编组技术的发展历程，其次阐述列车虚拟编组关键技术以及基于虚拟编组技术的灵活运力调整策略，然后整理分析国内外虚拟编组技术在运行控制、通信、运输组织3个方面的研究成果，最后指出从系统的角度研究虚拟编组相关技术的必要性。

The virtual coupling train technology based on vehicle-to-vehicle wireless communication can flexibly and accurately match transport capacity according to the temporal and spatial changes of urban rail transit passenger flow, improve the quality of transport services, and enhance the efficiency of transport capacity utilization. This paper first introduces the development process of virtual coupling technology, then expounds the key technology of virtual coupling and the flexible transport capacity adjustment strategy based on virtual coupling technology, and then analyzes the research results of virtual coupling technology in three aspects of operation control, communication, and transportation organization, and finally points out the necessity of studying the relevant technology of virtual coupling from the perspective of system.

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